一. 基础配置
安装时提示
LDME专家模式开启
sudo live-installer-expert-mode
更改源
帮助地址: https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/help/ubuntu.html
source.list格式
# 常规地址
sudo sed -i 's@//.*archive.ubuntu.com@//mirrors.ustc.edu.cn@g' /etc/apt/sources.list
# security地址
sudo sed -i 's/security.ubuntu.com/mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/g' /etc/apt/sources.list
安装常用软件
sudo apt-get install zsh git ssh safe-rm vim htop curl wget aria2 powerline exuberant-ctags duf firefox firefox-locale-zh-hans nginx-full cmake extra-cmake-modules python3-dev python3-pip gcc g++ make clang ninja-build fbterm valkey-server mariadb-client fcitx5 fcitx5-chinese-addons fcitx5-frontend-all fcitx5-material-color fcitx5-modules fcitx5-pinyin language-pack-gnome-zh-hans language-pack-kde-zh-hans zh-autoconvert zhcon tesseract-ocr-chi-sim manpages-zh gnome-user-docs-zh-hans fonts-noto-cjk fonts-noto-cjk-extra fonts-wqy-microhei fonts-wqy-zenhei fonts-jetbrains-mono thunderbird thunderbird-locale-zh-cn zsh-autosuggestions zsh-syntax-highlighting vim-gtk3 keepassxc wget apt-transport-https curl git unzip xz-utils zip libglu1-mesa clang cmake git ninja-build pkg-config libgtk-3-dev liblzma-dev libstdc++-12-dev lld llvm clang jq ruby ruby-dev rubygems build-essential -y
安装最新的nodejs的长期支持版本
可以直接访问官网查看配置: https://deb.nodesource.com
curl -fsSL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_22.x | sudo bash -
sudo apt-get install -y nodejs
fcitx
#env,/etc/environment
sudo tee -a /etc/environment <<-'EOF'
GTK_IM_MODULE=fcitx
QT_IM_MODULE=fcitx
XMODIFIERS=@im=fcitx
SDL_IM_MODULE=fcitx
GLFW_IM_MODULE=ibus
EOF
cp /usr/share/applications/org.fcitx.Fcitx5.desktop ~/.config/autostart/
ohmyzsh配置
安装ohmyzsh
git clone https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/git/ohmyzsh.git
cd ohmyzsh/tools
REMOTE=https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/git/ohmyzsh.git sh install.sh
启用插件
cat << EOF | tee -a $HOME/.zshrc
#zsh-syntax-highlighting
source "/usr/share/zsh-syntax-highlighting/zsh-syntax-highlighting.zsh"
#zsh-autosuggestions
source "/usr/share/zsh-autosuggestions/zsh-autosuggestions.zsh"
EOF
二. 其他配置
安装flatpak
## 安装
sudo apt install flatpak
## 插件安装(可选)
## gnome
sudo apt install gnome-software-plugin-flatpak
## kde
sudo apt install plasma-discover-backend-flatpak
## 添加官方仓库
flatpak remote-add --if-not-exists flathub https://flathub.org/repo/flathub.flatpakrepo
## 修改仓库为中国科技大学镜像
sudo flatpak remote-modify flathub --url=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/flathub
typora安装
wget -qO - https://typoraio.cn/linux/public-key.asc | sudo tee /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/typora.asc
sudo add-apt-repository 'deb https://typoraio.cn/linux ./'
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install typora pandoc -y
OpenJDK
wget -O - https://packages.adoptium.net/artifactory/api/gpg/key/public | sudo tee /etc/apt/keyrings/adoptium.asc
echo "deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/adoptium.asc] https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/adoptium/deb $(awk -F= '/^VERSION_CODENAME/{print$2}' /etc/os-release) main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/adoptium.list
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install temurin-{8,11,17,21,25}-jdk -y
tpm+luk
sudo apt-get install clevis clevis-tpm2 clevis-luks clevis-initramfs initramfs-tools
sudo clevis luks bind -d /dev/nvme0n1p3 tpm2 '{"pcr_bank":"sha256"}'
sudo update-initramfs -u -k all
网易云音乐 gtk
# 添加 PPA 源
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:gmg137/ncm
# 刷新源
sudo apt update
# 安装
sudo apt install netease-cloud-music-gtk
打印机问题
驱动和相关软件安装
sudo apt-get install printer-driver-all printer-driver-hpcups smbclient python3-smbc hplip hp-ppd -y
hp驱动插件安装
sudo hp-plugin
smb配置打印机
smb://打印机用户名:打印机密码/打印机所在共享smb的网络/打印机名(需要uriencode)
# 例子
smb://admin:123456/192.168.1.1/HP%20LaserJet%20Professional%20M1216nfh%20MFP
四. 安装备份timeshift
sudo apt-get install timeshift -y
五. flutter
下载
https://mirror.nju.edu.cn/flutter/flutter_infra/releases/stable/
安装打包工具
dart pub global activate flutter_distributor
六. 安装ruby和打包工具
修改 Rubygems 默认源
sudo gem sources # 列出默认源
sudo gem sources -a https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/rubygems/ # 添加科大源
sudo gem sources --remove https://rubygems.org/ # 移除默认源
安装打包工具
sudo gem install fpm
七. 内核相关
7.1 切换hwe内核
sudo apt install --install-recommends linux-generic-hwe-24.04
八.小故障
8.1 flatpak下kde应用光标问题
需要创建文件解决问题
mkdir -p "$HOME/.local/share/icons/default"
touch "$HOME/.local/share/icons/default/index.theme"
index.theme内容
[icon theme]
Inherits=Bibata-Modern-Classic